医学文献：Endocytic Mechanisms of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets in Osteoblasts, Hepatocytes and Macrophages作家：Javier Linares†M. Concepción Matesanz†Mercedes Vila‡§⊥M. José Feito†Gil Gonçalves⊥María Vallet-Reg퇧Paula A. A. P. Marques⊥M. Teresa Portolés文献综述图片链接： 引言：Nano-graphene oxide (GO) has attracted great interest in nanomedicine due to its own intrinsic properties and its possible biomedical applications such as drug delivery, tissue engineering and hyperthermia cancer therapy. However, the toxicity of GO nanosheets is not yet well-known and it is necessary to understand its entry mechanisms into mammalian cells in order to avoid cell damage and human toxicity. In the present study, the cellular uptake of pegylated GO nanosheets of ca. 100 nm labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC-PEG-GOs) has been evaluated in the presence of eight inhibitors (colchicine, wortmannin, amiloride, cytochalasin B, cytochalasin D, genistein, phenylarsine oxide and chlorpromazine) that specifically affect different endocytosis mechanisms. Three cell types were chosen for this study: human Saos-2 osteoblasts, human HepG2 hepatocytes and murine RAW-264.7 macrophages. The results show that different mechanisms take part in FITC-PEG-GOs uptake, depending on the characteristics of each cell type. However, macropinocytosis seems to be a general internalization process in the three cell lines analyzed. Besides macropinocytosis, FITC-PEG-GOs can enter through pathways dependent on microtubules in Saos-2 osteoblasts, and through clathrin-dependent mechanisms in HepG2 hepatocytes and RAW-264.7 macrophages. HepG2 cells can also phagocytize FITC-PEG-GOs. These findings help to understand the interactions at the interface of GO nanosheets and mammalian cells and must be considered in further studies focused on their use for biomedical applications.

微米级脱色苯（GO）原因其确定性的经营性质还有其在制剂卸料、机构公程和热疗等怪物中医药学领域的隐藏的应运，给予了老百姓对微米级中医药学的甚大想法。不过，GO微米级片的致毒尚不清除，该不该的了解到其渗入母乳喂奶软体动物受损人體细胞的工作机制，以防止出现受损人體细胞受伤和人體致毒。在本论述中，在8种克药溶液剂（雨暗仙素、渥曼宁、阿米洛利、肿瘤上皮人体细胞松散素B、肿瘤上皮人体细胞松散淀粉酶D、染色剂木素、苯胂铁的氧化物物和氯丙嗪）的具备下，评估报告了用异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC-PEG-GO）图标的约100nm的聚乙二醇化GO納米片的肿瘤上皮人体细胞摄入，这样克药溶液剂特地的影响不同于的内吞体制。本设计选了这三种人体生殖神经细胞膜方式：人Saos-2成骨人体生殖神经细胞膜、人HepG2肝人体生殖神经细胞膜和小鼠RAW-264.7巨噬人体生殖神经细胞膜。可是呈现，会根据每张人体内部品类的结构特征，各不相同的机能参与到了FITC-PEG-GOs的摄取量。或许，在所解析的两类人体内部系中，大颗粒状人体内部偏多好像都是个年轻化的内化的时候。不光巨噬人体内部效应外，FITC-PEG-GOs还能按照Saos-2成骨人体内部中依耐微管的路线加入，并按照HepG2肝人体内部和RAW-264.7巨噬人体内部中的网格血清依耐机能加入。HepG2人体组织也还可以释放FITC-PEG-GOs。哪些知道有利于促进看法GOnm片和喂母乳生物体人体组织程序界面上的间接用处，在进一点科学研究其在生物体医疗使用软件中的使用软件时须要给以要考虑。关联介绍：FITC-PEG-DMGFITC-PEG-FAFITC-PEG-BiotinOH-PEG-FAMNH2-PEG-FAMNTA-PEG-FITCFAM-PEG-N3FITC-PEG-ACFITC-PEG-ACAFITC-PEG-AlkyneFITC-PEG-AzithromycinFITC-PEG-CHOFITC-PEG-DTPAFITC-PEG-Estrogen这些新闻稿件方面来源地特殊杂志或文献资料，要是有商标侵权请搞好关系我们大家清空！